안녕하세요, Davey 입니다. 오늘 Posting 할 TED 강연은 우리들이 별다른 신경 쓰지 않는 사항에 대해서 내용입니다. 하지만 알고 보면, 약간 신기한 느낌이 드는 사항입니다. 바로, 노래에서 Verse 라고 하죠, 반복되는 부분을 우리가 왜 좋아하는지에 대한 내용입니다.
일단 Title은 Why we love repetition in music 입니다. 본문 내용은 아래 Link를 참조 하시면 됩니다
https://www.ted.com/talks/elizabeth_hellmuth_margulis_why_we_love_repetition_in_music
일단 서두에는, 우리가 좋아하는 노래에 코러스가 몇번 반복되는지 아냐라는 질문을 던지면서, speech가 시작을 합니다. 반복하는 것은 특징 or기능인데 어떤 특징 or 기능이냐면, 세계의 문화로부터 오는 노래를 쉐어하는 특징 or 기능이라고 합니다. 약간 초반에는 무슨 말인지 아리송했습니다. (제가 해석을 잘못하는 건가 그런 생각도 들었습니다.) 그리고 나서, 왜 노래가 반복에 많이 의지를 하는지에 대해서 질문을 던지면서 말을 이어 갑니다. 그 이유는 미세한 노출 효과라고 합니다. 요거 좀 괜찮은 표현인거 같습니다. 찔끔 찔끔 노출을 시켜서, 마치 사람들이 가볍게 받아 들이고, 어느 순간에는 그 노래를 좋아하게 되어 버리는 효과라고 생각합니다. 그리고 이런 반복이 반복이 없는 original version 보다 선호하는 걸 밝혀내면서, 반복이 사람들에게 어떻게 영향을 끼치는지 애기를 하고 있습니다. 그럼 자세한 부분은 아래 script와 words 참조하시어, 공부하시면 더 알아가시면 되겠습니다. 아래 script는 TED 홈페이지 해당 speech의 Transcript 내용 참조하였습니다.
- Why we love repetition in music script & words
How many times does the chorus repeat in your favorite song? And, take a moment to think, how many times have you listened to it? Chances are you've heard that chorus repeated dozens, if not hundreds, of times, and it's not just popular songs in the West that repeat a lot. Repetition is a feature that music from cultures around the world tends to share. So, why does music rely so heavily on repetition? One part of the answer come from what psychologists call the mere-exposure effect. In short, people tend to prefer things they've been exposed to before. For example, a song comes on the radio that we don't particularly like, but then we hear the song at the grocery store, at the movie theater and again on the street corner. Soon, we are tapping to the beat, singing the words, even downloading the track. This mere-exposure effect doesn't just work for songs. It also works for everything from shapes to Super Bowl ads. So, what makes repetition so uniquely prevalent in music? To investigate, psychologists asked people to listen to musical compositions that avoided exact repetition. They heard excerpts from these pieces in either their original form, or in a version that had been digitally altered to include repetition. Although the original versions had been composed by some of the most respected 20th century composers, and the repetitive versions had been assembled by brute force audio editing, people rated the repetitive versions as more enjoyable, more interesting and more likely to have been composed by a human artist.
prevalent 일반적인
composition : 작곡, 구성
brute 외면할 수 없는, 볼품없는, 짐승
rated 평가하다, 여기다
Musical repetition is deeply compelling. Think about the Muppets classic, "Mahna Mahna." If you've heard it before, it's almost impossible after I sing, "Mahna mahna," not to respond, "Do doo do do do." Repetition connects each bit of music irresistibly to the next bit of music that follows it. So when you hear a few notes, you're already imagining what's coming next. Your mind is unconsciously singing along, and without noticing, you might start humming out loud. Recent studies have shown that when people hear a segment of music repeated, they are more likely to move or tap along to it. Repetition invites us into music as imagined participants, rather than as passive listeners. Research has also shown that listeners shift their attention across musical repetitions, focusing on different aspects of the sound on each new listen. You might notice the melody of a phrase the first time, but when it's repeated, your attention shifts to how the guitarist bends a pitch. This also occurs in language, with something called semantic satiation. Repeating a word like atlas ad nauseam can make you stop thinking about what the word means, and instead focus on the sounds: the odd way the "L" follows the "T." In this way, repetition can open up new worlds of sound not accessible on first hearing.
rated 지도책
ad nauseam 지겹도록
The "L" following the "T" might not be aesthetically relevant to "atlas," but the guitarist pitch bending might be of critical expressive importance. The speech to song illusion captures how simply repeating a sentence a number of times shifts listeners attention to the pitch and temporal aspects of the sound, so that the repeated spoken language actually begins to sound like it is being sung. A similar effect happens with random sequences of sound. People will rate random sequences they've heard on repeated loop as more musical than a random sequence they've only heard once. Repetition gives rise to a kind of orientation to sound that we think of as distinctively musical, where we're listening along with the sound, engaging imaginatively with the note about to happen. This mode of listening ties in with our susceptibility to musical ear worms, where segments of music burrow into our head, and play again and again, as if stuck on repeat. Critics are often embarrassed by music's repetitiveness, finding it childish or regressive, but repetition, far from an embarrassment, is actually a key feature that gives rise to the kind of experience we think about as musical.
참.. 평소에는 생각지도 못한 사항인데, 이렇게 TED를 통해서 알게 되니까, 먼가.. 새로운 걸 알아가는 재미라고 해야 할 까요. 이런 거 보면, 약간 신뢰성이 있는 TED를 통해서 지식을 싾는 다는 느낌이 들어서 그런가.. 영어를 배우게 된 보람을 새삼 느끼게 됩니다. 오늘도 수고 하셨고, 이전 글에도 애기했지만, 한번 읽고, 듣지 마시고, 여러번 읽고, 쉐도잉 같은 반복학습 하시면, 분명이 늘겁니다.
오늘도 공부 파이팅하시고, 조금이나마 영어 공부에 도움이 되셨으면 하네요. 감사합니다.
[저작권이나, 권리를 침해한 사항이 있으면 언제든지 Comment 부탁 드립니다. 검토 후 수정 및 삭제 조치 하도록 하겠습니다. 그리고, 기재되는 내용은 개인적으로 습득한 내용이므로, 혹 오류가 발생할 수 있을 가능성이 있으므로, 기재된 내용은 참조용으로만 봐주시길 바랍니다. 게시물에, 오류가 있을때도, Comment 달아 주시면, 검증 결과를 통해, 수정하도록 하겠습니다.]
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